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October 20, 2002 Opinion Editorials |
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Human Price of the Israeli Occupation of Palestine Mission and meaning of Al-Jazeerah
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Islam & West: Anger should give way to
rational discourse The interview with Malaysian Prime Minister Dr. Mahathir Mohamad in
Kuala Lumpur was hastily arranged. However, despite a busy schedule and a
planned trip to India, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia, Dr. Mahathir found time
to engage me in a lengthy and candid discussion that covered a wide range
of domestic and international issues. The view on the way to Jaya Putra, seat of the Malaysian government,
was of motor ways blending into a natural beauty that has made Malaysia
one of the most popular tourist destinations in the world. The prime
minister’s office itself turned out to be a beautiful structure that,
like Malaysian architecture generally, combines the very best of modernism
with traditional. When I entered through the small door I was asked for my ID, and on
giving over my passport was handed a smart card. The photographer and I
used it to get through a turnstile before we descended into an underpass
and along a corridor. A lift took us up to the third floor, where the card
was exchanged for another which we used to proceed up to the PM’s floor. The press secretary and his aides met us, and what was immediately
striking was how the surroundings were devoid of the trappings of high
office. There were no armed guards, for instance, and it seemed more like
the boardroom of a major Asian corporation. At precisely 2:30 p.m. the PM’s assistant ushered me into the prime
minister’s office, who stood and greeted me with a warm handshake. He
too was wearing a name tag, as though he were just another employee in the
building. It was obvious from the first moments of being in his company
that he was a man who wears the airs and graces of his title lightly. Not
that he has ever taken his responsibilities with anything but great
seriousness. He has played a pivotal role in propelling Malaysia into the
twenty-first century by adopting a pragmatic, high-tech agenda and
refusing — despite sometimes fierce international criticism — to
compromise his clear vision of how wealth and prosperity can increasingly
become an integral part of his country’s destiny. A tireless and bold leader, Mahathir is a no-nonsense man who has
always had Malaysia’s best interests at heart. In contrast to many other
world leaders, you are never in any doubt when you talk to him that he is
speaking frankly, and from the heart. Khaled Al-Maeena: The bombing in Bali and colossal loss of life has
increased the appetite of those who are against our culture. It’s also
being used to raise the specter of “Islamic terror”. And what can be
done to prevent such things from happening in the future? Dr. Mahathir Mohamad: Both sides should understand the reasons for what
is happening now. The West and the Muslims, as well as the people who act
in anger. They do not act rationally, but just want to hit back. They can
launch a conventional war, but what is needed is more thought about how
the causes of the anger can be removed. I must however warn that any
attack on Iraq will only sharpen the division between the West and the
Muslim world. Al-Maeena: It is said that, among the Muslim countries, there are no
sane voices, while extremists are heard loud and clear. Are you going to
do something about it? Dr. Mahathir: I don't know how much I can do. There is no one who can
do enough. If we feel we’re oppressed then we should pledge to work to
overcome the oppression; and we've set certain policies. If this is not
done, people get frustrated and the result is an increase in the
oppression of Muslims. Al-Maeena: One of the charges against Islam is that democracy is an
alien concept to our religion, something repeated more and more by the
powers that be in the West. Dr. Mahathir: If you go back in history, when the Prophet (pbuh) died,
the people elected his successor. This proves that democracy is not alien
to Islam. Al-Maeena: Do you think that organizations like the OIC could help to
bring about change — without infringing on sovereignty — through
conferences, think tanks and workshops? Dr. Mahathir: Yes, provided they have a firm commitment. There must be
a commitment, and a firm acceptance of the idea. If you want change, you
must be prepared to accept change. Al-Maeena: But I think Malaysia is playing a leading role and your role
in Islamic banking is paying dividends. People are looking at Malaysia as
a role model in this regard. There could be lessons for others here. Dr. Mahathir: Well, if people see what we are doing with this model and
they like it, they are welcome to follow it. We've shown that in Malaysia
the democratic system works, that we've been able to develop the country
using the free market system but at the same time the people are very
patient. We've been able to make advances and we've succeeded in
demonstrating that Islamic banking is as viable as other types of banking. Al-Maeena: Still on the subject of Malaysia, a country where despite
racial and religious differences and languages there is harmony. Everyone
is “a Malaysian”. Is this feeling natural or does the government have
to work at it and remind people of it? Dr. Mahathir: We've had to work very hard at it. The tendency earlier
was to be very racial in our outlook. But we accept that we've got to live
among ourselves. There was once a racial riot. We were able to put a stop
to that kind of thing and learn the lessons from the incident. Our feeling
is that it is far better to have a slice of the cake that is growing,
rather than to have the whole cake when it’s shrinking. So if we cannot
get on together, the country cannot grow and the economy cannot grow and
we'll all become poor. Al-Maeena: The Asian financial crisis caused a lot of turbulence in the
area among big players and plunged Malaysia into deep recession. At that
time you blamed certain speculators from outside and implemented reforms
and decisions that were considered controversial. In hindsight, do you
think you took the right decisions? Dr. Mahathir: I think they were the right decisions. In fact, everybody
admits that Malaysia has managed to come out of that crisis intact and
healthy both financially and economically. Al-Maeena: Returning to the question of the Middle East, since you are
going to visit the area and India and Pakistan. Do you think there will be
some sort of beckoning from your side to the leaders of both India and
Pakistan to try and resolve some of the issues? Dr. Mahathir: I don't think I would make any attempt. I don't think
I’d be welcome. Al-Maeena: If one party asks you to do that, would you do it —
considering that Malaysia has good relations with both sides? Dr. Mahathir: Yes, we've good relations with both India and Pakistan.
We've got our own way of solving our problems. And that is not by
confrontation but through compromise. Al-Maeena: When you visit Saudi Arabia, I’m sure you will be
discussing the problems in the area. The United States seems to be very
reluctant to acknowledge that there is failure of progress of the Middle
East issue. You have been an advocate of the right to self-determination
for the people of Palestine. Don't you think much more should be done from
the OIC and the Muslim side to tell the American administration that they
have to look into this more sympathetically, especially in light of what
we’ve said about the causes of terror attacks? Dr. Mahathir: Some of the countries in the OIC should make their voices
heard. How that can be done I don't know. But if they keep silent, it will
be assumed that the Americans are right. Al-Maeena: In June this year you went on national TV to announce your
resignation, only to recant a few hours later. Then a decision was made
that in September or October 2003 you will resign. Is there a particular
reason for this? Dr. Mahathir: Nothing very particular except that I've served the
country for 21 years and that's the longest period for any other prime
minister in Malaysia. I think it's time that I stepped down to give others
an opportunity to lead the country. Al-Maeena: Despite the announcement of Moody's ratings, Malaysian wants
and risks were hardly affected by your decision. Are you confident that
the takeover by deputy prime minister will be orderly and will not cause
any dissent within your own party? Dr. Mahathir: I don't think there will be any dissent. I think the
party accepts even now the fact that I'm stepping down in October 2003 and
I'll be handing over to my deputy. Everything is in place in order to
ensure that the economy of the country will continue to get stronger. Al-Maeena: Many view you as the chairman of a board who does not take
kindly to the opposition from the board members. Dr. Mahathir: It’s not true at all. I wish that people would watch us
sitting in the Cabinet. There’s much laughter! Sometimes my views are
not accepted. So… they are not accepted. I don't dictate things to
“the members of the board”. The problem is that the media has built up
this picture. They say to Cabinet ministers: “Please tell us is it’s
true that he’s a dictator.” They say “no, it's not true.” But they
just repeat that “the truth is that he is a dictator. Isn't that
true?” There is nothing you can do when people have already made up
their mind. So the perception is that I'm like that. For example, they say that I put my opponents under detention. I ask
them which ones. There are people who have been detained but they were
detained for very specific reasons. They include members of my own party,
UMNO. When I became the prime minister, the first thing I did was to
release people who were detained. And this is a record. You can ask the
people who were released. Among them is the editor of the biggest
newspaper here, the New Strait Times. There are a lot of people who were
detained by the previous government and I've released all of them. About
the accusation that Anwar Ibrahim was becoming too big so I detained him,
let me say I didn't detain him. The only thing I could do which was in my
power was to tell him once I discovered that he indulged in sodomy to get
his act together, or else I would sack him, which I did. But as far as his
detention is concerned, the police found that he committed sodomy. The
case went on for nine long months and nine lawyers, the best lawyers in
the country, defended him but in the end the judges found him guilty. I
did not detain him, he was found guilty by the court. But of course, they
say “Aah, but he manipulated the court.” So again, I cannot win. If I
had detained him under the ISA just by ordering his detention then they
would have said “Aah, he is not fair, he has not tried him.” How can I
manipulate the court? Here the court makes decisions, even against the
government. The commerce minister was tried and sentenced. Another
minister in my Cabinet was tried and found guilty and sentenced to death.
And there are many other chief ministers who were removed because they
were found to be corrupt. When they were removed they kept quiet. They
didn't try to set up another party and fight the government in courts. In
my Cabinet you will find there are good people. My deputy was one of the
people who tried to topple me in 1987. There are three such people in the
Cabinet now. Al-Maeena: There is no executive pressure on judiciary? Dr. Mahathir: No, how can an executive pressure the judiciary? They are
independent. I don't know what you’d describe me as but I hope that
people don't call me one of those brown Asian dictators who don’t
understand democracy. It's very unfortunate that whenever I explain these
things they are not published. Recently I was interviewed on CNN. That
part of the interview was not shown. But what was shown on TV was
questions like “did I arrest him”, “did I place him under
detention” and “how many people have I released?” All these things
fed into the characterization that the press has made of me as a dictator.
How did I become a dictator? I am a member of a party that is very
democratic. Twice they tried to topple me, and I won. I won by few votes.
If I had been a dictator, I wouldn't have got a single vote. Al-Maeena: Looking at the New Strait Times, I find you're a keen
advocate of the English language. Do you think the use of the English
language in Malaysia and the Muslim world will facilitate our attempts to
get our viewpoints across? Dr. Mahathir: If you're backward, people will attack you all the time.
That's why we've got to learn English – not because we want to speak
English or because we think it’s a superior culture or anything like
that, but because English is the language of knowledge today like Arabic
was the language of knowledge in the past. Al-Maeena: There are those who raise fears that too much English will
dampen the culture. Dr. Mahathir: But we can use the language and at the same time protect
our culture. Al-Maeena: When you think of Malaysia in the future, what do you think
are the main challenges you have overcome? Dr. Mahathir: I had a particular problem when I first became prime
minister in that there was fear among the tiny Muslim community that I'm a
Malay Muslim cynic and therefore would bring chaos to the country. I
worked hard to prove that this was not true. And today I think that’s
was one of the most important things I've been able to accomplish. I think
this should confirm it. I've been able to bring disparate groups together
and they are living in harmony. Now I think the non-Malays don’t have a
problem. All I wanted to do was balance development between the Malays and
non-Malays. Al-Maeena: You're an articulate spokesman for the developing world and
you've stood up to the superpower when it comes to globalization and
several other issues. You've been criticized and have incurred the
displeasure of many quarters, including the United States. Has this stand
of yours been a thorn in the side of the US-Malay relationship? Dr. Mahathir: Well, there are some in the United States who are still
unhappy with my views. I've been able to defend myself and so far they
have not been able to prove that I've been objecting to globalization
without proper reasons. Al-Maeena: In the context of the OIC, since we are talking about
globalization, should the OIC help the Muslims adopt an economic, social
and religious framework to create a defense against such attacks? Dr. Mahathir: We've got a framework but there is the question of what
we want to do... If we want, there are many ways of protecting ourselves.
Even though we may be weak in other fields, in numerical strength we have
great wealth. Al-Maeena: Are you confident about Malaysia's future on the global
scale in light of the regional situation? In particular, I refer to the
bombings, and Japan and Korea being in recession and not taking kindly to
what Malaysia is doing with its financial field. Dr. Mahathir: We can't be absolutely certain but it's reasonable for us
to expect Malaysia to succeed. Even the downturn in the world's economy
today has not effected Malaysia too much. Our economy is quite strong, and
although it has depreciated downward it has not done so as much as the
United States, Germany and others. Al-Maeena: If you've one motto in life what would that be. Dr. Mahathir: One motto.... Al-Maeena: Yes. Dr. Mahathir: We're a very pragmatic people. We're not tied to any
ideology. We think ourselves as Muslim fundamentalists. That is, we stick
to the basic teachings of Islam. And that has given us strength. Because
many people who do not understand the basics make all kind of
interpretations about Islam, and they believe in interpretation of this
person and that person when they are in doubt. Al-Maeena: But the application of the word fundamentalist, which has
now become one that causes fear, might give cause for nervousness in the
West. Don't you think a further explanation of the word is necessary. Dr. Mahathir: I did that almost 16 years ago. I had dealt with the
fundamentals of Islam. Islam is about peace. Islam says that you don't
fight against people who do not fight against you. If people want peace
then give them peace. These are the fundamentals of Islam. Al-Maeena: Are there ways that we can engage the West with all that’s
going on -- I'm sure you must have read about US Baptist Minister Jerry
Falwell's statement on the Prophet (pbuh). Are there any mechanics that
can be put in place so we can engage the West in their own language? Dr. Mahathir: People have access to the media and the TV, but it’s
important that the media and TV do not imitate the West in sensationalism,
or be provocative. They should give the true picture of our religion and
our way of life. Al-Maeena: One of the accusations we're getting from abroad is that
those who are promoting the moderate, saner voice are found wanting in
their techniques and their efforts. Malaysia has been making efforts in
this regard to establish Islamic universities. Do you think you could
institutionalize this in such a manner that there will be people from here
who can be trained? You've said very proudly that you're a Muslim
fundamentalist in the true sense of the word, a fundamentalist believing
in the fundamentals of Islam. Do you think after leaving office you could
be the guiding light for such activities? Dr. Mahathir: Of course, I'll continue to speak out whenever necessary.
If people don't hear me, there isn't much I can do. But if I'm called upon
to do so and invited to speak, I will. Al-Maeena: How would you like to be remembered? Dr. Mahathir: I have been asked that many times. Al-Maeena: But this is an original one from my side! Dr. Mahathir: The most important thing for me, despite the fact that I
was labeled an “extremist” when I took office, is that I've been able
to prove that I am nothing of the sort. I've been very fair and because of
that I can now say that all the communities in the country are stable and
peaceful.
The US double-standard policy again, this time in the Korea/Iraq situation By Mohammed Khodr*
Iraq isn't the only war shaping up in the
Middle East
A new crisis is brewing along the border between Israel and Lebanon,
but this one is not about Lebanese guerrillas fighting the occupation of
Lebanese land or even about Palestinian guerrillas crossing the frontier
to fight the occupation of Palestinian land. It is about water. The facts of the case are clear. The water source in question is part of the Jordan system, which is an international one, so Israel has every right to ensure that its rights are not abrogated. But what Lebanon proposes to do is entirely within its own rights, as laid down by the 1955 Johnston Agreement. That pact was never ratified by the governments in question - those of Lebanon, Israel, Syria, and Jordan - but it was signed by technical teams from all four and actually granted the lion's share of the water to the Jewish state. Lebanon was accorded an annual take of 35 million cubic meters (mcm). Seeing as how the Lebanese government had no access to the area between 1978 and 2000 owing to Israeli occupation, the amount of water its citizens were able to draw was strictly limited. Today it stands at just 7 mcm, and the new facility will increase that to just 10 mcm. An Israeli academic recently inflated the figure to 15 mcm, but even that would be well within the limits established by the Johnston deal. The U.S. government has sent experts to examine the site, and their findings have led the State Department to counsel "restraint" by both sides. The problem, of course, is that for Lebanon, "restraint" means refraining from legitimate efforts to provide water to parched villages. For Israel, it means not bombing the property of a neighboring state as punishment for simply making use of its own resources. As usual, an unfair status quo that benefits Israel is regarded as sacrosanct by Washington. Imagine what the State Department's message would have been if the experts had concluded that Lebanon was acting improperly. I would let this particular manifestation of the usual double standard speak for itself, but Israeli temerity and American duplicity go even further in this instance than is usually the case. The Israelis, you see, do not simply wait for Wazzani water to find its way to them via the Hasbani and the Jordan: They actually still have a pump on Lebanon's side of the border, within spitting distance of the equipment installed by the Council for the South. Some say that if and when the Lebanese facility starts running, its location will dry up the pool from which the Israeli pump draws water. That would certainly inconvenience Israel, but it is hardly, as Sharon and others have claimed, a casus belli. The Israeli installation is a relic of the occupation and has no business being there in the first place. The last thing Washington wants is a flareup on Israel's northern border just as George W. Bush tries to gain at least a modicum of Arab acceptance for a war against Iraq. The past few months have taught that Bush lacks the brass to keep Sharon in line, so even a minor skirmish over Wazzani threatens to explode into a full-blown clash that might rival or even surpass the infamous bloodletting sparked by Israel's 1996 "Grapes of Wrath" offensive. Hizbullah, the organization that dogged Israeli occupation forces until they finally left in 2000, has warned in no uncertain terms that if the Israelis knock out the Wazzani site, retaliation will ensue. For example, an Israeli juice plant sits within a few hundred yards of the border, well within the range of even Hizbullah's smaller weapons. It has been mentioned as a possible target if Israel destroys the new pump. If experience were any guide, such a move would then prompt Israel to up the ante by launching air strikes against bridges, power stations, and possibly major water facilities in other parts of Lebanon. Israeli warplanes can operate with impunity in Lebanon, whose air force consists of a few antiquated Iroquois helicopters (yes, the "Hueys" that were so ubiquitous in Vietnam). The government that sends them to wreak havoc on this tiny nation should not fool itself, however, into thinking that it can do so without paying some sort of price itself. Hizbullah has a crude but effective arsenal of Katyusha rockets which, when launched in mass salvos, can inflict significant damage. What Sharon would do in response after a shower of fifty to two hundred of these projectiles is anybody's guess, but it is reasonable to assume that he would not be overly concerned about civilian casualties on this side of the border. There might then be yet another Hizbullah riposte, etc., etc., ad nauseam. All of this is to say that whatever "loss" Israel claims it would sustain by "allowing" Lebanon to exercise its legal rights, it can only be multiplied by taking military action. The Lebanese will undoubtedly suffer more, but that will not alter the fact that Israelis will be subjected to wholly unnecessary hardships brought about solely by their own government's refusal to behave in a civilized manner. Critics of Beirut's position complain that its timing was calculated to box the Israelis in, i.e. to take advantage of U.S. pressure on the Jewish state to avoid hostilities during the run-up to Iraq. Frankly, that is entirely possible. It is also, however, utterly irrelevant. When and how a particular nation-state chooses to avail itself more fully of its own under-utilized resources is a matter for its own government to decide. That process should not have to take place under ominous threat from an aggressive neighbor. [Marc Sirois is a Canadian journalist who lives in Beirut, Lebanon, where he serves as managing editor of The Daily Star. The proud and fanatically protective father of three beautiful princesses, his opinionated writing style owes to the fact that he is never wrong along with his holding monopolies on wisdom, logic, morality, and justice. He is also exceedingly modest.] Marc Sirois encourages your comments: msirois@YellowTimes.org
Opinions expressed in various sections are the sole responsibility of their authors and they may not represent Al-Jazeerah's. |